He aha nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā ʻaila kumu ʻelima?

He aha nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā ʻaila kumu ʻelima?

Lubricating aila ua haku 'ia o ka aila kumu a me ka additives, kumu aila ua maheleia i elima ano, pakahi ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤ papa kumu aila, Bang haku e hai aku ia oe e pili ana i keia mau ano elima o ka base aila mea okoa.

Papa I ka aila kumu

ʻO ke kaʻina hana o ka ʻaila mineral hoʻomaʻemaʻe kuʻuna, ʻo ka ʻaila base Class I e pili ana i ke kaʻina kino, ʻaʻole e hoʻololi i ke ʻano o nā hydrocarbons, pili pono ka hana i ka maikaʻi o nā mea maka, ʻo ka hana maʻamau, ʻo ia ka mea liʻiliʻi loa. aila kumu ma ka makeke.

Papa II aila kumu

Hydrocracking mineral aila, Class II kumu aila ua hoomakaukauia e ka hui kaʻina (solvent kaʻina i hui me ka hydrogenation kaʻina), nui ma ke kaʻina hana, hiki ke hoʻololi i ka kumu hydrocarbon hale. No laila, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻaila kumu papa II, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka wai o ka hydrocarbons saturated, ke kūpaʻa wela maikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa oxygen, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka soot dispersion ma mua o ka ʻaila kumu papa I.

Papa III aila kumu

Deep hydroisomerization dewaxing kumu aila, Class III kumu aila ka pono e dewaxing maka mea me ka kiʻekiʻe hydrogen maʻiʻo, me ka piha hydrogenation kaʻina hana, nona ka viscosity kiʻekiʻe viscosity kumu hydrogenation aila, no hoi i ike ia unconventional kumu aila (UCBO), oi aku mamua o ka aila kumu papa I a me ka aila kumu papa II ma ka hana.

Papa IV ka aila kumu

ʻO ka ʻaila synthetic polyalphaolefin, ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo ka ʻaila kumu PAO. ʻO nā ʻano hana hana maʻamau o ka ʻaila kumu papa IV ʻo ia ke ʻano paraffin cracking a me ka ethylene polymerization method, a ʻo ka ʻaila kumu i haku ʻia me nā macromolecules ua hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ma o nā hopena kemika paʻakikī. Hoʻonohonoho maikaʻi ʻia nā molekala, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻaila, he kiʻekiʻe viscosity index, maikaʻi loa ka pale ʻana i ka oxidation a me ka thermal stability, a me ka volatility haʻahaʻa.

Papa V kumu aila

ʻO ka aila kumu papa V, ma waho aʻe o ka ʻaila kumu papa I-IV nā aila synthetic ʻē aʻe, me nā hydrocarbons synthetic, esters, ʻaila silicone a me nā aila mea kanu ʻē aʻe, i kapa ʻia ʻo Class V base oil.